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The Air Passenger Rights and Air Travel Organisers Licencing (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 will directly transpose Regulation 261 into English law. The impact of a government shutdown likely was never a top concern for airline risk managers before, but the recent 35-day shutdown the longest in history made clear that a non-functioning federal government has big implications for airline safety, efficiency and profitability. Much of the domestic legislation originates from European legislation, and there is no aviation-specific policy (presumably on the basis that there are a number of contributors to poor air quality). In a similar vein, in October 2017 the Court of Appeal rejected Emirates arguments and held that non-EU airlines are liable under Regulation 261 where a flight departing from the UK is delayed by at least three hours at the final destination, as a result of a missed connection outside Europe (Gahan/Buckley v Emirates [2017] EWCA Civ 1530). The aviation industry is a rapidly growing sector of the economy. A patent may be filed online or in hard copy. As part of the application procedure, the CAA may request additional information in order to process an application for registration (for example, a certified copy of a bill of sale evidencing the ownership of the aircraft to be registered). In October 2016, HM Government approved a third runway at Heathrow to expand the UKs airport capacity. The company needs to set a research team that can work on creating a more environment-friendly aircraft. The Montreal Convention has legal effect in the United Kingdom through the Carriage by Air Acts (Implementation of the Montreal Convention 1999) Order 2002/263. Social factors have a profound impact on businesses, as well as the overall marketplace. Customers tend to choose airlines based on the characteristics of their services, which include on-board amenities, safety, entertainment, and ground services (Wen & Yeh, 2010). This is a market power test, requiring that there should be effective competition outside of the joint venture. This process involves huge finances; however, airlines cannot even compromise because even the passengers are held accountable for their carbon footprint. The airline companies, which operate in countries with political turmoil, may see a sharp decline in revenue. Available at: https://www.managementstudyguide.com/pestle-analysis-of-global-aviation-industry.html (Accessed 16 June 2021). Here are some sociological conditions which can impact the airline industry: The airline industrys technology is intricately related to its growth. PESTLE Analysis of Airline Industry | Marketing Tutor First and Business Class ticket passengers are less price-sensitive than Economy ticket users. PDF Impacts of the macro environment on airline operations in southern Africa 4.8 What are the main regulatory instruments governing the acquisition, retention and use of passenger data, and what rights do passengers have in respect of their data which is held by airlines and airports? In October 2018, London Gatwick, the UKs second-busiest airport, published proposals to move its standby runway to use it for short-haul flights by the mid-2020s. No company wants the publicity that goes with disruptive passengers, abuses of staff, and emergency situations affecting flights. 10. The EU is now pushing ahead with a new proposal being made by the EC on 22 September 2020 for the Single European Sky initiative. The PESTEL analysis of the airline companies can show how the external factors have affected them. There are some short waivers in place, but the impact is getting closer. In 2018, Boeing predicted demand for 790,000 new pilots over the next 20 years. These factors include demographic, socio-cultural, economic, political-legal and also the natural factors.