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To meet the demand for labor, European settlers would turn to the slave trade, which resulted in the forced migration of some 12.5 million Africans between the 16th and 19th centuries. (2003). Triggered the international need for colonization to control commodities. The impact on Europe was positive, since it acted as a reliable food source, but also negative because their croplands were ruined. All this changed with Columbuss first voyage in 1492. Earthworms make it easier for some plants to grow, while robbing others of habitat. See answer (1) Best Answer. The Columbian Exchange: every new plant, animal, good or merchandise, idea, and disease traded - voluntarily or involuntarily - between the Old World of Europe, Africa, and Asia and the New World of North and South America. However, during this trade several diseases were unintentionally transferred as well. How did the Columbian Exchange affect the environments, economies, and As critical as these plants were, the introduction of horses was hugely impactful on certain Indigenous cultures in the New World; the Spanish brought with them the first horses Americans had ever seen. The massive population drop in the Americas was caused by the diseases that were carelessly introduced by the white explorers and absolutely decimated the native . This process is often considered a previous stage of todays globalization. But with Columbus arrivaland the waves of European exploration, conquest and settlement that followed, the process of global separation would be firmly reversed, with consequences that still reverberate today. Only the slaves from Africa brought with them a certain degree of resistance. These two-way exchanges between the Americas and Europe/Africa are known collectively as the Columbian Exchange ( [link] ). Create and find flashcards in record time. People throughout the world continuously grow, process, export and carry food. That range extends almost precisely to the Mason-Dixon Line, along which the American Civil War broke out in 1861, between the slave-holding states of the South and the Union soldiers of the North. Diseases carried from the Old World to the New World by the European invaders are estimated to have killed around 90% of the Indigenous Peoples in the Americas who had no immunity to the germs that had infested Europe, Asia, and Africa for centuries.